forces suppressed a revolution led by Emilio Aguinaldo. The Philippines then became a territory of the United States. Spanish rule ended in 1898 with Spain's defeat in the Spanish–American War. After this, the colony was directly governed by Spain. The Philippines was ruled under the Mexico-based Viceroyalty of New Spain. Spanish colonial rule saw the introduction of Christianity, the code of law, and the oldest modern university in Asia. Much of the archipelago came under Spanish rule, creating the first unified political structure known as the Philippines. He established the first permanent settlement in Cebu. Spanish colonialism began with the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi's expedition on February 13, 1565, from Mexico. They lost a battle against the army of Lapulapu, chief of Mactan, where Magellan was killed. The first recorded visit by Europeans is Ferdinand Magellan's expedition who landed in Homonhon Island, now part of Guiuan, Eastern Samar on March 17, 1521. These small states alternated from being part of or being influenced by larger Asian empires like the Ming Dynasty, Majapahit and Brunei or rebelling and waging war against them. The remainder of the settlements were independent barangays allied with one of the larger states. These kingdoms traded with what are now called China, India, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia. These small maritime states flourished from the 1st millennium. These polities were either influenced by the Hindu- Buddhist Indian religion, language, culture, literature and philosophy from India through many campaigns from India including the South-East Asia campaign of Rajendra Chola I, Islam from Arabia, or were Sinified tributary states allied to China. This includes the predecessors of modern-day population centers such as Manila, Tondo, Pangasinan, Cebu, Panay, Bohol, Butuan, Cotabato, Lanao, Zamboanga and Sulu as well as some polities, such as Ma-i, whose possible location is either Mindoro or Laguna. Some of these settlements (mostly those located on major river deltas) achieved such a scale of social complexity that some scholars believe they should be considered early states. Scholars generally believe that these ethnic and social groups eventually developed into various settlements or polities with varying degrees of economic specialization, social stratification, and political organization. ![]() By around 3000 BC, seafaring Austronesians, who form the majority of the current population, migrated southward from Taiwan. Negrito groups were the first inhabitants to settle in the prehistoric Philippines. The earliest known anatomically modern human was from Tabon Caves in Palawan dating about 47,000 years. Homo luzonensis, a species of archaic humans, was present on the island of Luzon at least 67,000 years ago. That is why all of our trips are flightless in destination, fully carbon offset - and we have ambitious plans to be net zero in the very near future.Earliest hominin activity in the Philippine archipelago is dated back to at least 709,000 years ago. We are committed to go as far as possible in curating our trips with care for the planet. We know that many of you worry about the environmental impact of travel and are looking for ways of expanding horizons in ways that do minimal harm – and may even bring benefits. Our Sailing Trips invite you to spend a week experiencing the best of the sea and land in the Caribbean and the Mediterranean. Our Mini Trips are small and mighty - they squeeze all the excitement and authenticity of our longer Epic Trips into a manageable 3-5 day window. Epic Trips are deeply immersive 8 to 16 days itineraries, that combine authentic local experiences, exciting activities and enough down time to really relax and soak it all in. ![]() ![]() Our Trips are suitable for both solo travellers and friends who want to explore the world together. That is why we have intensively curated a collection of premium small-group trips as an invitation to meet and connect with new, like-minded people for once-in-a-lifetime experiences in three categories: Epic Trips, Mini Trips and Sailing Trips. Increasingly we believe the world needs more meaningful, real-life connections between curious travellers keen to explore the world in a more responsible way. We are proud that, for more than a decade, millions like you have trusted our award-winning recommendations by people who deeply understand what makes certain places and communities so special. Culture Trip launched in 2011 with a simple yet passionate mission: to inspire people to go beyond their boundaries and experience what makes a place, its people and its culture special and meaningful - and this is still in our DNA today. Since you are here, we would like to share our vision for the future of travel – and the direction Culture Trip is moving in.
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